Properties of train traffic flow in a moving block system

The development direction of railways is toward the improvement of capacity and service quality, where the service quality includes safety, schedule, high speed, and comfort. In light of the existing cellular automaton models, in this paper, we develop a model to analyze the mixed running processes of trains with maximal speeds of 500 km/h and 350 km/h respectively in the moving block system. In the proposed model, we establish some sound rules to control the running processes of a train, where the rules include the departure rules in the intermediate stations, the overtaking rules, and the conditions of speed limitation for a train stopping at a station or passing through a station. With the consideration of the mixed ratio and the distance between two adjacent stations, the properties of the train traffic flow (including capacity and average speed) are simulated. The numerical results show that the interactions among different trains will affect the capacity, and a proper increase of the spatial distance between two adjacent stations can enhance the capacity and the average speed under the moving block.     

Asymptotic description of solitary wave trains in fully nonlinear shallow-water theory

We derive an asymptotic formula for the amplitude distribution in a fully nonlinear shallow-water solitary wave train which is formed as the long-time outcome of the initial-value problem for the Su–Gardner (or one-dimensional Green–Naghdi) system. Our analysis is based on the properties of the characteristics of the associated Whitham modulation system which describes an intermediate “undular bore” stage of the evolution. The resulting formula represents a “non-integrable” analogue of the well-known semi-classical distribution for the Korteweg–de Vries equation, which is usually obtained through the inverse scattering transform. Our analytical results are shown to agree with the results of direct numerical simulations of the Su–Gardner system. Our analysis can be generalised to other weakly dispersive, fully nonlinear systems which are not necessarily completely integrable.     

Transmission Characteristics of Multi-Soliton Train in Twin-Core Fiber

Transmission characteristics of multisoliton train are analyzed by numerical simulation in twin-core fiber. It is shown that stable transmission of multisoliton train requires some difference of initial relative phase and enough initial relative separation between input solitons under strong coupling between two cores.     

基于激光照明的高速船用夜视系统设计

针对高速船常用夜视设备所存在的安全隐患，提出了一种基于激光照明的高速船用夜视系统的解决方案，通过研究近红外激光夜视技术，开发出具有夜间大角度照明、作用距离远、成像清晰的全天候高速船用夜视设备，多次海上测试效果良好，可为高速船夜间安全航行提供可靠保障。     

Discrete event model-based simulation for train movement on a single-line railway

The aim of this paper is to present a discrete event model-based approach to simulate train movement with the considered energy-saving factor. We conduct extensive case studies to show the dynamic characteristics of the traffic flow and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The simulation results indicate that the proposed discrete event model-based simulation approach is suitable for characterizing the movements of a group of trains on a single railway line with less iterations and CPU time. Additionally, some other qualitative and quantitative characteristics are investigated. In particular, because of the cumulative influence from the previous trains, the following trains should be accelerated or braked frequently to control the headway distance, leading to more energy consumption.     

燃料爆炸抛撒过程中射流量的估算

通过高速录像记录3种质量不同、长径比为1.5~2.3的燃料空气炸药（FAE）装置爆炸抛撒过程的实时结果,用专门的软件对图像进行了处理。以装置上端盖为基准对解体时间进行了初步估算,由此给出了燃料初期射流量的理论估算式,结合试验结果计算了燃料的射流量。结果表明,燃料的射流量与装置的高度、装置的材质和燃料的密度等因素有关,实验研究的3种装置射流量均大于总燃料量的10%。     

谷值电流型脉冲序列控制开关变换器及其能量建模研究

脉冲序列控制是针对工作于电感电流断续导电模式的开关变换器提出的一种非线性、离散控制技术.当开关变换器工作在电感电流连续导电模式时,脉冲序列控制开关变换器存在低频振荡现象,严重影响了脉冲序列控制开关变换器的稳态及瞬态性能.针对这一问题,本文提出一种谷值电流型脉冲序列控制方法,将脉冲序列控制的应用范围从电感电流断续导电模式扩展到电感电流连续导电模式.建立了谷值电流型脉冲序列控制开关变换器的能量迭代模型,并与传统脉冲序列控制开关变换器的能量模型进行对比.结果表明谷值电流型脉冲序列控制电感电流连续导电模式开关变换器具有与传统脉冲序列控制电感电流断续导电模式开关变换器相同的能量传递模式,从而在根本上消除了传统脉冲序列控制电感电流连续导电模式变换器存在的低频振荡现象.     

Selective creation of maximum coherence in multi-level Λ system

We consider the creation of the maximum Raman coherence in the six-level Λ system using optimal control theory. Optimal fields are designed for different initial conditions, resonant, and off-resonant, using the Krotov method including a reference field into the cost functional. Suppression of the population transfer to the intermediate level is achieved via an additional functional constraint which depends on the system dynamics. We demonstrate that the spectrum of the optimised fields has major contribution from the corresponding resonant frequencies independently of the choice of carrier frequency of the initial guess field. We also indicate that the pulse train emerges as a solution of the control problem of coherence optimisation in multi-level quantum systems.     

Y型微通道两相流内部流动特性刘

利用显微粒子图像测速技术、高速度数码显微系统及数值模拟方法研究了Y 型微通道内液滴的形成. 主要考虑了Y 型角度（45°,90°,135°,180°）、两相流量大小等因素的影响. 发现在挤压机制中,Y 型微通道内分散相液滴的形成主要受到来自连续相的剪切作用,Y 型角度越小,分散相所受到的剪切作用越大. 在液滴生成过程中,连续相速度剖面呈非对称抛物线型分布. 当Y 型角度小于180°时,角度的变化对液滴直径大小影响较小,但角度的减小会加快液滴的生成时间. 当Y 型角度为180°时,生成的液滴体积最大且生成时间最长. 毛细数对液滴直径和生成时间的变化同时产生影响,连续相毛细数的增大使得连续相在两相交汇位置处对分散相的作用力更集中,导致分散相更易破裂.     

用高速阴影技术研究K9玻璃中的失效波

用高速阴影摄影技术研究了爆轰加载下K9玻璃样品中波的传播和压缩区内损伤破坏的物理图象和规律。实验中观测到冲击波阵面后有一个移动速度为 2 .1～ 2 .2mm/ s的黑色阴影区边界 ,即失效波 (Fail urewave) ;实验发现只有当冲击载荷接近材料的HEL时 ,在冲击波和失效波之间的区域才有少量的微裂纹成核和长大 ,而在冲击载荷较低时却没有观察到 ;同时实验中观测到失效波萌生于被撞击面 ,并在两块玻璃的交界面上观测到失效波的再生。这些结果表明失效波的产生基本与冲击相变无关 ,主要与玻璃样品表面的初始损伤有关 ,换言之 ,失效波是玻璃样品表面微裂纹在冲击波作用下失稳扩展造成的。